The SEC Goes Back to Court

Last summer, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) sued crypto exchanges Coinbase and Binance, alleging they listed and traded unregistered securities in the form of various cryptocurrencies. This week, the regulator’s legal teams faced the exchanges in court as the companies argued the SEC did not make the case that those cryptos are securities.

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A rose by any other name?

The narrative

There’s no rest for the weary: While the story last week was about whether or not the SEC would approve spot bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and the rough sequence of events that occurred before the approval was final, this week found us back in court as the regulator’s Enforcement Division argued that it has a case to make about cryptos being securities.

Why it matters

A hefty chunk of the U.S. crypto industry may well hinge on how the SEC’s cases against Coinbase, Binance/Binance.US and Kraken play out. If federal judges agree that various digital assets are securities, and the SEC has the latitude to say which are, that’ll impose new registration and reporting requirements on issuers and trading platforms. If, instead, judges find consensus in saying that the SEC has overreached or that Congress should create some tailored laws, that’ll give a green light to a huge chunk of the industry.

Breaking it down

In June 2023, the SEC sued Coinbase and Binance, alleging the companies listed digital assets like solana (SOL), filecoin (FIL) and axie infinity (AXS), among others, but that these assets were really unregistered securities.

The industry – naturally – was pretty upset about these suits, despite SEC Chair Gary Gensler telegraphing for quite a while that these suits would happen. Over the course of the last few months, we’ve seen lawmakers, industry lobbyists and others file amicus briefs urging the courts to agree with the defendants’ motions to dismiss the cases entirely.

Jesse Hamilton previewed Wednesday’s Coinbase hearing here, and a lot of the core ideas are functionally identical to the Binance case. The entire article is worth your attention of course, but one of his most important points may be that a dismissal at this stage is unlikely.

Judge Katherine Polk Failla asked a number of tough questions during the hearing, but hasn’t made a ruling just yet.

An SEC attorney said the token itself was not a security, but rather the actual transactions involved during the hearing.

A Friday hearing for the SEC’s case against Binance was pushed to Monday due to snow in the Washington, D.C. area.

A separate hearing of interest occurred before the U.S. Supreme Court, where two parties are challenging a longstanding Supreme Court precedent known as the Chevron doctrine, which gives federal regulatory agencies latitude to interpret federal laws for rulemaking purposes.

This precedent may be overturned, SCOTUSblog reported after the hearing.

Michael Passalacqua, an associate with Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP, said the case is worth watching, as regulatory agencies “would be less inclined to discover new meanings within ambiguous (and often dated) statutes.”

“We may even see crypto legislation gain momentum again in Congress as Congress may be incentivized to pass new laws to regulate the industry (as opposed to deferring to agency interpretations),” he said.

Stories you may have missed

This week

• 09:00 UTC (10:00 a.m. CET) The European Banking Authority (EBA) held

  the first of two hearings

  on the Markets in Crypto Assets Regulation (MiCA), looking at regulatory technical standards (RTS) and implementing technical standards (ITS).

• 13:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. CET) The EBA held

  its second MiCA hearing

  , which focused on guidelines for preventing illicit crypto activities.

• 15:00 UTC (10:00 a.m. EST) There was a hearing in SEC v. Coinbase.

• 15:00 UTC (10:00 a.m. EST) There was going to be a hearing in SEC v. Binance, but it was delayed to Monday due to snow in Washington, D.C.

Elsewhere:

• (

  Axios

  ) Brady Dale and Crystal Kim, alongside several of their colleagues at Axios, created this delightful timeline chronicling the bitcoin ETF saga.

• (

  The Air Current

  ) TAC created a reading list of stories that perhaps provide an explanation for how Boeing began this year by watching a deactivated emergency exit door blow off an aircraft during flight (Disclosure: I’m invested in Boeing shares).

• (

  IRS

  ) The Internal Revenue Service has said that a controversial component of the 2021 bipartisan Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act that modified Section 6050I of the U.S. code to require business to report related crypto transactions in excess of $10,000 will not take effect until the Treasury Department publishes some regulations around that. The reporting requirement is in effect for cash transactions exceeding that amount.

If you’ve got thoughts or questions on what I should discuss next week or any other feedback you’d like to share, feel free to email me at nik@coindesk.com or find me on Twitter @nikhileshde.

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